Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes generally results in few symptoms however, it does increase the risk of pre-eclampsia, depression, and requiring a Caesarean section. Babies born to mothers with poorly treated gestational diabetes are at increased risk of being too large, having low blood sugar after birth, and jaundice. If untreated, it can also result in a stillbirth. Long term, children are at higher risk of being overweight and developing type 2 diabetes.
Prevention is by maintaining a healthy weight and exercising before pregnancy. Gestational diabetes is treated with a diabetic diet, exercise, and possibly insulin injections. Most women are able to manage their blood sugar with diet and exercise. Blood sugar testing among those who are affected is often recommended four times a day. Breastfeeding is recommended as soon as possible after birth.
- Eat protein with every meal.
- Include daily fruits and vegetables in your diet.
- Less than half of your calories should come from carbohydrates.
- Thirty-five percent or less of your diet should be made up of fat.
- Limit or avoid processed foods.
- Pay attention to portion sizes to avoid overeating.
If you have gestational diabetes, maintaining a healthy, balanced diet may help you manage your symptoms without needing medication. In general, your diet should include protein plus the right mix of carbohydrates and fats. Too many carbohydrates can lead to spikes in your blood sugar.
What foods should you avoid?
- fast food
- alcoholic beverages
- baked goods, such as muffins, donuts, or cakes
- fried food
- sugary drinks, such as soda, juice, and sweetened beverages
- candy
- very starchy foods, such as white potatoes and white rice.
